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| Amputation - Get the casualty to lie down raise the affected limb, and tie a bandage rightly around and over the ... |
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| Asphyxia - Starved of oxygen, tissues rapidly die. Oxygen may be prevented from diffusing into the lungs because ... |
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| Bites & Stings - The bites of animals carry two main dangers: tetanus and rabies. In the UK at the moment we are ... |
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| Bleeding - Occurs when blood vessels are damaged. External bleeding often looks more dramatic than internal bleed... |
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| Blisters - Blisters are bubbles of fluid (blood serum) which form under the skin due to friction or burns and sca... |
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| Breathing - If the airway to the lungs (mouth, throat, or windpipe) is obstructed, the person will not be able to... |
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| Burns & Scalds - Burns are caused by heat, friction, or chemicals; scalds are caused by hot liquids. If severe, e... |
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| Chemical Burns - Caustic or corrosive chemicals can badly damage the skin, especially the eyes... |
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| Chemicals Inhaled - If there are poisonous substances in the air, these will be breathed in. Thick smoke causes t... |
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| Chest Injuries - Chest injuries usually fall into one of three categories: penetrating wounds, blast injuries, an... |
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| Choking - Food, vomit, and the tongue itself can obstruct the airway to the lungs and cause choking. The signs of... |
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| Circulation - If the heart stops beating, blood flow to the brain and other vital organs ceases. With each heartb... |
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| Crush Injuries - Severe crush injuries cause extensive damage to skin, muscle, nerves and bone. There may be inte... |
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| Cyanocrylate Glues - These are fast-setting, 'superglue' adhesives that bond anything, including human skin, in s... |
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| Dental Operations - If a tooth socket starts to bleed after extraction, encourage the person to spit the blood ou... |
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| Diabetic Coma - Both diabetes insipidus and diabetes mellitus can, if incorrectly managed, lead to unconsciousnes... |
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| Drowning - Do not attempt to drain fluid from the lungs of someone who has nearly drowned... |
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| Ear Injuries - Ears are very delicate and only the gentlest measures should be taken to dislodge foreign bodies f... |
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| Epileptic Fits - Major epileptic fits come on suddenly, although sometimes there may be warning symptoms... |
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| Eye Injuries - Generally speaking, first aid for all eye injuries (other than the removal of small foreign bodies... |
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| Fainting - First Aid - Temporary loss of consciousness caused by disruption of blood flow to the brain, brought o... |
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| Fish Hooks - Do not attempt to remove a fish hook unless it is impossible to get medical aid within an hour or tw... |
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| Fits & Convulsions - The symptoms of a fit, convulsion, or seizure include any or all of the following jerky, unc... |
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| Frost Bite - Caused by freezing conditions which cut off circulation, usually in extremities (hands, feet, ears, ... |
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| Head Injuries - After an accident any departure from full awareness, even for a few minutes, suggests that the br... |
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| Hypothermia - Sets in when core body temperature falls below 35°C (95'F); if cooling continues to 25°C (77°F) or ... |
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| Internal Bleeding - Internal bleeding, often more serious than external bleeding, is usually the result of crush ... |
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| Nosebleeds - Lean the casualty over a basin, pinch the lower pan of the nose for 10 minutes, then release slowly... |
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| Panic - Panic makes pain and fear worse, and hinders first aid. Give as much reassurance to the casualty as you c... |
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| Poisoning - Poisoning involving household chemicals is one of the most preventable of emergencies. Poisons can en... |
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| Shock - Sets in when blood flow through vital organs becomes inadequate due to loss of body fluids, or a sudden d... |
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| Slipped Disc - Slipped disc occurs when an intervertebral disc impinges on a ligament or narrows the space throug... |
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| Spinal Injury - Since the spinal cord consists of nerves which carry messages from the brain to the body and vice... |
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| Splinters - The main danger from splinters of wood or metal is tetanus... |
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| Sprains & Strains - Sprains - technically the overstretching or tearing of ligaments which bind joints together -... |
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| Stroke - First Aid - Strokes occur when part of the brain's blood supply is cut off. This can be caused by a loca... |
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| Surgical Operations - Homeopathic remedies have their uses before and after surgical operations, especially when ... |
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| Unconsciousness - Any departure from full alertness after an accident is cause for worry. An injured person who s... |
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| Wounds - A wound is any break in the skin which allows blood to escape and infection to enter; surrounding or und... |
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